2019年12月2-15日，第二十五屆聯(lián)合國氣候大會（COP25）在西班牙馬德里召開。

12月12日是“中國企業(yè)日”，聯(lián)合國氣候變化框架公約（UNFCCC）全球氣候行動(dòng)負(fù)責(zé)人Niclas Svenningsen出席了企業(yè)邊會并致開幕辭。

It is a great pleasure to be here this morning. A couple of years ago we were negotiating a large climate agreement. We did that for more than 20 years. We finally got it in 2015, four years ago, the Paris agreement. The reason that it took so long is not because our parties, the 197 parties to the UNFCCC, are particularly lazy or stupid or anything, but it is because we are changing the climate through a multitude of activities. And to address climate change requires that we are taking action in a multitude of sectors. The Paris agreement is an agreement between government. It is an agreement that we all are intent on honoring, but its implementation requires much more than governments. It requires participation from civil society, from private sector, from subnational governments, from you, from me, from all of us. It is an agreement that requires us to rethink how we are building buildings, how we are producing food, how we are dressing ourselves, how we are transporting ourselves, how we are generating energy, and so on.

很高興今天來參加中國企業(yè)邊會。多年前，我們就一項(xiàng)大型氣候協(xié)議進(jìn)行談判，進(jìn)行了20多年，終于在2015年，達(dá)成了《巴黎協(xié)定》。輾轉(zhuǎn)這么長時(shí)間的原因并不是因?yàn)椤堵?lián)合國氣候變化框架公約》的197個(gè)締約方如何懶惰或愚蠢等，而是因?yàn)楦淖儦夂蛐枰覀冞M(jìn)行大量的工作。應(yīng)對氣候變化需要我們在眾多領(lǐng)域采取行動(dòng)?！栋屠鑵f(xié)定》是一部政府之間的協(xié)議，是我們大家都希望兌現(xiàn)的一部協(xié)議，但是履行《巴黎協(xié)定》所需的不僅僅是政府。它需要民間社會、私營部門、地方政府、你、我以及我們所有人的參與。這部協(xié)議要求我們重新思考如何建造建筑、制造食物、穿衣、出行、生產(chǎn)能源，等等。

But this is s also an agreement that is very positive, because all these changes come with great benefits not only to the climate, but to all sustainable development goals, to health, to education, to poverty alleviation, and so on. A few years ago when we were negotiating the Paris agreement, we were really focusing on these. This is a big deal, and we need to have it. And here we are, four years later, we are still negotiating. And you may rightfully ask, what are we negotiating about?

但是，這也是一部非常積極的協(xié)議，因?yàn)樗羞@些變化不僅對氣候，而且對所有可持續(xù)發(fā)展目標(biāo)，健康、教育、扶貧等都帶來巨大利益。幾年前，當(dāng)我們就《巴黎協(xié)定》進(jìn)行談判時(shí)，我們就已專注于這些。這是個(gè)重大的協(xié)議，我們必須談下來。四年后的今天，我們?nèi)栽谡勁兄?。你可能會?zhǔn)確地問到，我們在談判什么？

Well, we are basically negotiating on those lost instructions for how to actually implement the Paris agreement. And we are hopeful that we will get those instructions and guidelines ready by tomorrow. And when we are doing that, we can start to focus much more on implementing the Paris agreement. Now, since COP 21 in 2015, the UNFCCC has stepped up a side of our work that we did not have before, which is to build bridges between our policy makers, our negotiators, our national governments, on one hand, and everybody else on the other hand. We are calling this global climate action.

我們基本上正在就那些有關(guān)如何實(shí)際執(zhí)行《巴黎協(xié)定》缺失的指示進(jìn)行談判。我們希望我們在明天之前就能準(zhǔn)備好這些指示和指南。這樣做可以讓我們開始更加集中精力地執(zhí)行《巴黎協(xié)定》?，F(xiàn)在，自2015年第21屆聯(lián)合國氣候變化大會（COP21）以來，《聯(lián)合國氣候變化框架公約》加強(qiáng)了我們以往從未有過的工作，即建造一座橋梁，一邊是政策制定者、談判官員、國家政府，一邊是我們所有人的橋梁。我們稱之為全球氣候行動(dòng)。

Global climate action means now that we are trying to do what everybody else is already doing very well, namely to find opportunities to implement action and opportunities to change the way we are doing about our daily lives. It doesn't matter if you are the president of a country, a CEO of a large corporation, an engineer driving a bus, or just working from home. We are all decision makers. And by being a decision maker, whatever decision it is, really, you have an opportunity to change the climate for the better.

現(xiàn)在，全球氣候行動(dòng)意味著我們正在努力做所有人已經(jīng)做得非常好的一些事情，即尋找實(shí)施行動(dòng)和改變我們?nèi)粘Ｉ畹钠鯔C(jī)。無論你是一個(gè)國家的總統(tǒng)，大公司的首席執(zhí)行官，駕駛公共汽車的工程師還是只是在家工作，都沒有關(guān)系。我們都是決策者。通過成為決策者，無論決策是什么，真的，你都有機(jī)會改善氣候。

Now in the global climate action work that we are doing, you will have seen us out in hall four, the climate action hub, and many other where we have about 140 events in this COP where we are looking at how different parts of society are now stepping up and trying to take action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and increase resilience. It is also 140 events that are looking on the opportunities, because we are certainly not there. You know that while we were negotiating the Paris agreement, global greenhouse gas emissions increased by 40%. 

關(guān)于我們現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的全球氣候行動(dòng)工作，你可以在展廳看到我們在本次COP上展示的大約140項(xiàng)活動(dòng)。我們不僅通過這些活動(dòng)展現(xiàn)社會各界正在針對溫室氣體減排和提高氣候適應(yīng)進(jìn)行哪些努力，也通過這些活動(dòng)尋找機(jī)會，因?yàn)槲覀冿@然離目標(biāo)還相距甚遠(yuǎn)。你們知道嗎，在我們談判《巴黎協(xié)定》時(shí)，全球溫室氣體排放量已經(jīng)增加了40％。

We now have concentration of greenhouse gases that are higher than we had for 3.6 million years on this planet. The urgency is there, but the opportunities are there as well. And we are extremely pleased also that we have received a lot of good support for this work. At COP 24 in Katowice, we launched together with some 40 of the leading fashion brands, the UNFCCC Fashion Industry Charter for Climate Action. This is a charter that is rather ambitious. It sets out 16 principles whereby these companies, these brands commit to look on their energy use, on their raw material use, on their communication education of their customers and on many other things that are affecting the climate footprint of the fashion, the garments, and the textile we are wearing.

當(dāng)前，地球上的溫室氣體濃度高于360萬年前。緊迫性已經(jīng)擺在眼前，但機(jī)會也是有的。讓我們深感欣慰的是，我們已為這項(xiàng)使命提供了很多良好的支持。在卡托維茲舉行的第24屆聯(lián)合國氣候變化大會（COP 24）上，我們與大約40個(gè)領(lǐng)先的時(shí)尚品牌共同發(fā)布了聯(lián)合國氣候變化框架公約《時(shí)尚業(yè)氣候行動(dòng)憲章》。這是一部雄心勃勃的憲章。它提出了16條原則，這些公司和品牌依據(jù)這些原則在能源使用、原料使用、客戶溝通，以及時(shí)裝和紡織品的碳足跡等其他方面進(jìn)行了承諾。

Today, we have more than 100 large companies, some are small also. But really, I would say that if you have anything on your body today, it is very likely that the shirts and the trousers have been manufactured by one of the brands that have made commitment to the fashion charter. Now the fashion charter is ambitious as I said, and I think this is because as opposed to many other initiatives, it is looking at both what you are doing in your own company on the carbon footprint you get from buying energy and so on, but also on all the supply chains.

目前簽署憲章的有100多家大公司，還有些小公司。但實(shí)際上我想說的是，你們今天身上穿的襯衫和褲子等衣物很可能就是由致力于《時(shí)尚業(yè)氣候行動(dòng)憲章》的品牌之一制造的。正如我剛才所說，這是一部雄心勃勃的憲章。該憲章關(guān)注的不僅是公司內(nèi)部產(chǎn)品本身的碳足跡，也包括所有供應(yīng)鏈的碳足跡。

So, if you are looking on H&M or Hugo Boss or The North Face or CHANEL, whatever kind of garments you prefer, they are not only looking at what is happening in their organization. They are looking at what is happening in the organizations or downstream, and they are looking what is happening with the garments after they have been well worn and maybe torn away. Now, this is important because if you only look at what is happening in your own organization, you may have one climate footprint. If you are looking what is happening in your supply chains, we know that the impact is at least 150 times larger.

因此，無論你喜歡H&M、Hugo Boss、The North Face、CHANEL的哪款衣服，這些品牌都不僅僅著眼于它們公司本身的運(yùn)營。除了著眼于公司內(nèi)部及下游的運(yùn)營情況，它們也在關(guān)注舊服裝或服裝磨損后該如何處理。這非常重要，因?yàn)槿绻麅H看公司本身，那么可能只有一個(gè)氣候足跡。如果放眼整個(gè)供應(yīng)鏈，那么我們會發(fā)現(xiàn)氣候足跡的影響被擴(kuò)大了至少150倍。

So, with that ambition, these companies have said, “We are going to align with the Paris agreement. We are going to reach 1.5 degrees.” And this is an amazing achievement. One of the best things is that one of the largest manufacturing countries, China, is in the lead here. Thanks to the China National Textile and Apparel Council, which is one of the founding members. We are now seeing a rapidly increasing attention to this issue also in China. China is of course not only a producing country. It is also a consuming country.

出于這種雄心，這些公司表示：“我們將與《巴黎協(xié)定》達(dá)成一致。我們將達(dá)到1.5度目標(biāo)。”這是一個(gè)了不起的成就。中國，作為全世界最大的制造國之一，也正在引領(lǐng)這一趨勢。感謝中國紡織工業(yè)聯(lián)合會成為《時(shí)尚業(yè)氣候行動(dòng)憲章》的創(chuàng)始成員之一。中國對這一問題的關(guān)注度正在迅速上升。當(dāng)然，中國不僅是生產(chǎn)國，它也是一個(gè)消費(fèi)國。

So really commend you for this leadership. We are really seeing a lot of work that needs to be done. But by having you on board, we are also seeing so many other countries and so many other companies that are also following suit. We are now looking forward to COP 26 in Glasgow as the “big fashion COP”. There will be other labels on the COP in Glasgow, but we really believe that at COP 26, we will be able to report on significant improvements on significant progress. And we will have some very significant announcements to make about this next year in Glasgow in Scotland. Thank you very much.

在此，我們衷心呼吁各方的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力，還有很多需要完成的工作。但是，我們也看到了許多國家和公司正在效仿《時(shí)尚業(yè)氣候行動(dòng)憲章》。現(xiàn)在，我們期待在格拉斯哥舉行的第26屆聯(lián)合國氣候變化大會（COP26）將成為一場“大型時(shí)尚COP”。我們相信，在COP 26上，我們將取得重大進(jìn)展。明年，我們將在蘇格蘭的格拉斯哥發(fā)布一些非常重要的公告。謝謝。

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