中國氣候變化事務(wù)特使解振華與美國總統(tǒng)氣候問題特使約翰?克里于2021年4月15—16日在上海舉行會(huì)談，討論氣候危機(jī)所涉問題。會(huì)談結(jié)束后，雙方發(fā)表聲明如下：

 

一、中美致力于相互合作并與其他國家一道解決氣候危機(jī)，按其嚴(yán)峻性、緊迫性所要求加以應(yīng)對(duì)。這既包括強(qiáng)化各自行動(dòng)，也包括在聯(lián)合國氣候變化框架公約和巴黎協(xié)定等多邊進(jìn)程中開展合作。雙方回顧兩國氣候變化領(lǐng)域的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力與合作，為巴黎協(xié)定的制定、通過、簽署和生效作出歷史性貢獻(xiàn)。

 

二、走向未來，中美兩國堅(jiān)持?jǐn)y手并與其他各方一道加強(qiáng)巴黎協(xié)定的實(shí)施。雙方回顧巴黎協(xié)定第二條的目的在于將全球平均氣溫上升控制在低于2℃之內(nèi)，并努力限制在1.5℃之內(nèi)。為此，雙方承諾繼續(xù)作出努力，包括在巴黎協(xié)定框架下21世紀(jì)20年代采取提高力度的強(qiáng)化行動(dòng)，以使上述溫升限制目標(biāo)可以實(shí)現(xiàn)，并合作識(shí)別和應(yīng)對(duì)相關(guān)挑戰(zhàn)與機(jī)遇。

 

三、兩國均期待4月22/23日美國主辦的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人氣候峰會(huì)。雙方認(rèn)同峰會(huì)的目標(biāo)，即在格拉斯哥聯(lián)合國氣候公約第26次締約方大會(huì)前提高包括減緩、適應(yīng)和支持的全球氣候雄心。

 

四、中美將采取其他近期行動(dòng)，為解決氣候危機(jī)進(jìn)一步作出貢獻(xiàn)：

 

（一）兩國都計(jì)劃在格拉斯哥聯(lián)合國氣候公約第26次締約方大會(huì)之前，制定各自旨在實(shí)現(xiàn)碳中和/溫室氣體凈零排放的長期戰(zhàn)略。

 

（二）兩國計(jì)劃采取適當(dāng)行動(dòng)，盡可能擴(kuò)大國際投融資支持發(fā)展中國家從高碳化石能源向綠色、低碳和可再生能源轉(zhuǎn)型。

 

（三）雙方將分別執(zhí)行蒙特利爾議定書基加利修正案中所體現(xiàn)的逐步削減氫氟碳化物生產(chǎn)和消費(fèi)的措施。

 

五、中美將在聯(lián)合國氣候公約第26次締約方大會(huì)前及其后，繼續(xù)討論21世紀(jì)20年代的具體減排行動(dòng)，旨在使與巴黎協(xié)定相符的溫升限制目標(biāo)可以實(shí)現(xiàn)。包括：

 

（一）工業(yè)和電力領(lǐng)域脫碳的政策、措施與技術(shù)，包括通過循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)、儲(chǔ)能和電網(wǎng)可靠性、碳捕集利用和封存、綠色氫能；

 

（二）增加部署可再生能源；

 

（三）綠色和氣候韌性農(nóng)業(yè)；

 

（四）節(jié)能建筑；

 

（五）綠色低碳交通；

 

（六）關(guān)于甲烷等非二氧化碳溫室氣體排放合作；

 

（七）關(guān)于國際航空和航?；顒?dòng)排放合作；

 

（八）其他近期政策和措施，包括減少煤、油、氣排放。

 

六、雙方將合作推動(dòng)格拉斯哥聯(lián)合國氣候公約第26次締約方大會(huì)成功，該會(huì)議旨在完成巴黎協(xié)定實(shí)施細(xì)則（如第6條和第13條），并大幅提高包括減緩、適應(yīng)、支持的全球氣候雄心。雙方還將合作推動(dòng)在昆明舉行的生物多樣性公約第15次締約方大會(huì)取得成功，注意到2020年后全球生物多樣性框架的重要性，包括該框架與氣候減緩和適應(yīng)的關(guān)系。

 

U.S.-China Joint Statement Addressing theClimate Crisis

 

U.S. Special Presidential Envoy for ClimateJohn Kerry and China Special Envoy for Climate Change Xie Zhenhua met inShanghai on April 15 and 16, 2021, to discuss aspects of the climate crisis. Atthe conclusion of the discussion, the two Special Envoys released thefollowing:

 

1.The United States and China are committedto cooperating with each other and with other countries to tackle the climatecrisis, which must be addressed with the seriousness and urgency that itdemands. This includes both enhancing their respective actions and cooperatingin multilateral processes, including the United Nations Framework Convention onClimate Change and the Paris Agreement. Both countries recall their historiccontribution to the development, adoption, signature, and entry into force ofthe Paris Agreement through their leadership and collaboration.

 

2.Moving forward, the United States andChina are firmly committed to working together and with other Parties tostrengthen implementation of the Paris Agreement. The two sides recall theAgreement’s aim in accordance with Article 2 to hold the global averagetemperature increase to well below 2 degrees C and to pursue efforts to limitit to 1.5 degrees C. In that regard, they are committed to pursuing suchefforts, including by taking enhanced climate actions that raise ambition inthe 2020s in the context of the Paris Agreement with the aim of keeping theabove temperature limit within reach and cooperating to identify and addressrelated challenges and opportunities.

 

3.Both countries look forward to theUS-hosted Leaders Summit on Climate on April 22/23. They share the Summit’sgoal of raising global climate ambition on mitigation, adaptation, and supporton the road to COP 26 in Glasgow.

 

4.The United States and China will takeother actions in the short term to further contribute to addressing the climatecrisis:

 

a.Both countries intend to develop by COP26 in Glasgow their respective long-term strategies aimed at net zero GHGemissions/carbon neutrality.

 

b.Both countries intend to take appropriateactions to maximize international investment and finance in support of thetransition from carbon-intensive fossil fuel based energy to green, low-carbon andrenewable energy in developing countries.

 

c.They will each implement the phasedown ofhydrofluorocarbon production and consumption reflected in the Kigali Amendmentto the Montreal Protocol.

 

5.The United States and China will continueto discuss, both on the road to COP 26 and beyond, concrete actions in the2020s to reduce emissions aimed at keeping the Paris Agreement-alignedtemperature limit within reach, including:

 

a.Policies, measures, and technologies todecarbonize industry and power, including through circular economy, energystorage and grid reliability, CCUS, and green hydrogen;

 

b.Increased deployment of renewable energy;

 

c.Green and climate resilient agriculture;

 

d.Energy efficient buildings;

 

e.Green, low-carbon transportation;

 

f.Cooperation on addressing emissions ofmethane and other non-CO2 greenhouse gases;

 

g.Cooperation on addressing emissions frominternational civil aviation and maritime activities; and

 

h.Other near-term policies and measures,including with respect to reducing emissions from coal, oil, and gas.

 

6.The two sides will cooperate to promote asuccessful COP 26 in Glasgow, aiming to complete the implementationarrangements for the Paris Agreement (e.g., under Article 6 and Article 13) andto significantly advance global climate ambition on mitigation, adaptation, andsupport. They will further cooperate to promote a successful COP 15 of theConvention on Biological Diversity in Kunming, noting the importance of thepost-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework, including its relevance to climatemitigation and adaptation.

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[2] Shi, J. 2021. US climate envoy John Kerry ends China trip withlittle to show. South China Morning Post.

[3] Guardian, 2021. US and China commit to cooperating on climatecrisis.

[4] Voice of America, US, China “Committed to Cooperating” on ClimateCrisis: Joint Statement.

[5] Kim, H. 2021. US, China agree to cooperate on climate crisis withurgency. AP News.

[6]央視，2021. 趙立堅(jiān)：美國回歸《巴黎協(xié)定》不是“王者歸來”而是“跳課學(xué)生返?！?。

[7]國家發(fā)展改革委，2021. 中美應(yīng)對(duì)氣候危機(jī)聯(lián)合聲明。